Phenomenology most fundamentally involves a search for which of the following?
A) A core category from open coding
B) Intersubjective agreement among judges
C) Thematic descriptions from artistic sources
D) Common patterns shared by particular instances
D
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The basic outcome of all three methods of phenomenology is the description of the essential nature of an experience, often through the identification of essential themes. Phenomenologists search for common patterns shared by particular instances. Van Manen, a phenomenologist from the Utrecht School, called for gleaning thematic descriptions from artistic sources, such as literature, painting, and other art forms, claiming that they can provide rich experiential data that can increase insights into the essential meaning of the experience being studied. This, however, is not the fundamental goal of phenomenology. Discovery of a core category as a result of open coding is part of constant comparison, a method used in grounded theory research, not phenomenology. Intersubjective agreement among judges is a requirement of the method of Van Kaam, a phenomenologist of the Duquesne School; again, this is not the fundamental object of search in phenomenology.
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