A 4-month-old was born at 35 weeks of gestation. She seems to be developing normally, but her parents are concerned because she is a "more difficult" baby than their other child, who was term. The nurse should explain that:
a. infants' temperaments are part of their unique characteristics.
b. infants become less difficult if they are not kept on scheduled feedings and structured routines.
c. the infant's behavior is suggestive of failure to bond completely with her parents.
d. the infant's difficult temperament is the result of painful experiences in the neonatal period.
ANS: A
Infant temperament has a strong biologic component. Together with interactions with the environment, primarily the family, the biologic component contributes to the infant's unique temperament. Children perceived as difficult may respond better to scheduled feedings and structured caregiving routines than to demand feedings and frequent changes in routines. The infant's temperament has been created by both biologic and environmental factors. The nurse should provide guidance in parenting techniques that are best suited to the infant's temperament.
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