A common way of studying methylation in cells is to sequence DNA samples before and after modification with sodium bisulfite
The sodium bisulfite deaminates Cytosine residues, generating Uracil residues, therefore resulting in a change in the sequence as compared to the non-modified DNA. Sodium bisulfite does not react with 5-methylcytosine so there will be no change in the sequence of those modified bases. When tumors are sequenced to study methylation patterns and epigenetic control, what would be the best control for sequencing using this technique?
A. Non-cancerous tissue DNA from a different individual but from the same organ
B. Liver DNA from the same individual that the cancer sample is from
C. DNA from non-cancerous tissue from the same individual's organ as the cancer
D. A combination of DNA from liver, brain and muscle from the same individual that has the cancer
C
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Proteins can be broken down for energy. They are typically broken down into amino acids, which then enter cellular respiration via:
A. glycolysis or ethanol fermentation. B. lactic acid fermentation or the citric acid cycle. C. glycolysis or the citric acid cycle. D. electron transport/oxidative phosphorylation.
A taxon that includes a single common ancestor and some, but not all, of its descendants is a _____ group
A. monophyletic B. paraphyletic C. polyphyletic
Localized regions of plasma membranes that contain cholesterol and proteins involved in cell signaling are known as
A) gap junctions. B) arterial plaques. C) cadherin junctions. D) lipid rafts. E) plasmodesmata.
Which of the following has been used to measure the relatedness of primates?
a. hemoglobin amino acid sequences b. blood types c. embryonic development d. bone structures e. brain shape