According to the research on the indirect-access route in reading,
a. readers cannot translate visual stimuli into sounds unless they have the benefit of context.
b. children who can identify sounds in a word are likely to earn high scores on standardized reading tests.
c. training in semantic skills is just as likely as training in phoneme skills to improve children's ability to identify words.
d. in general, children's reading skills are somewhat poorer if they have been trained in phonics skills.
Ans: b
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Tommy's parents used extinction to decrease his behavior of crying when he had to eat vegetables by making him eat them despite his crying. When Tommy is going to be with his grandparents or a babysitter, his parents tell them to make sure Tommy eats his vegetables even if he cries. Which consideration in the use of extinction is being addressed?
a. eliminating a reinforcer b. maintaining consistency c. whether it is safe to use extinction d. ability to tolerate an extinction burst
Leanne has recently been getting stomachaches in the evening and explains the pain as being caused by the gluten in her diet.. This is an example of:
a. making an attribution c. the self-fulfilling prophecy b. social sanctioning d. the confirmation bias
Which of the following is an accurate description of the effects of zeitgebers on the body's internal clocks?
A. Both the SCN and peripheral clocks are affected more by light than any other type of zeitgeber. B. The SCN is more affected by light, whereas the peripheral clocks are more affected by feeding patterns. C. The peripheral clocks are more affected by light, whereas the SCN is more affected by physical activity. D. Both the SCN and peripheral clocks are affected more by physical activity and feeding patterns than by light.
Which individual is most likely to obtain an elevated score on a measure of psychopathy?
a) Steve, who abuses drugs and alcohol and engages in criminal behavior without remorse for his actions b) Chad, who thinks the world revolves around him and that everyone loves and admires him c) Denise, whose past sexual abuse has resulted in fragmented thoughts and perceptions d) Gloria, who believes she can read other people's minds and use her powers to control other people's behaviors