The nurse is explaining to a client how fluid and electrolytes get from one body compartment to another. Characteristics of transport mechanisms include:
1. Osmosis is the passage of water from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration.
2. Diffusion occurs when molecules move across a semipermeable membrane from an area of higher solute concentration to an area of lower solute concentration.
3. Filtration is the process by which water and solutes move across capillary membranes pushed by osmotic pressure.
4. ATP enables the movement of magnesium and potassium ions across cell membranes.
2
Rationale: Osmosis is the passage of water from an area of higher solute concentration and out of an area of lower solute concentration.
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The school nurse performs screenings on all students in the high school. One student tells the nurse that since starting high school, she is constantly tired and moody. Which of these should the nurse investigate further?
1. Sleep deprivation 2. School adjustment 3. New friends 4. New teachers
Proportion or dimensional analysis can be used to convert from one unit to another if there is a known
conversion factor. Indicate whether the statement is true or false
A client says, "I overheard my doctor tell the medical students that I don't have effective immune surveillance. What does that mean?" How should the nurse respond?
1. "I'll get the doctor to come talk to you about what you heard." 2. "I'm certain that the doctor was not talking about you." 3. "Your immune system is not identifying and removing pathogens from your system." 4. "Your body is working against itself."
The nurse is taking care of a client who is at high risk for skin breakdown. What is the best pressure-reducing technique that should be included in the nursing care plan?
A) Use of a chair cushion B) Application of elbow protectors C) Use of a turning sheet D) Turn and reposition the client at least every 2 hours