Compare and contrast proportional and disproportional stratified sampling procedures and outcomes
What will be an ideal response?
Ans: Proportional and disproportional stratified sampling procedures that lead to random samples. Both are based on identifying “strata” or mutually exclusive groups and dividing the population and resulting sample based on the groups. In proportional stratified sampling, the proportions individuals in terms of the stratification variable in the population are followed in drawing the sample. In other words, the proportions in the sample and the population are the same based on the stratification variables. In disproportional stratified sampling, there again is a stratification variable but the proportions of individuals in the stratification groups in the population and sample are not the same.
Proportional stratified sampling is more efficient than simple random sampling and is an equal probability of selection method of sampling. It is often used in studies looking to generalize their results to the population. Disproportional stratified sampling is often used to compare specific groups, especially if there are relatively small numbers of members in one or more of the groups. Sometimes, weighting procedures need to be used with disproportional stratified sampling if comparisons are made to the population.
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