Pain and symptom control are crucial to the delivery of quality end-of-life care. For which signs of pain should the nurse carefully assess? (Select all that apply.)
A) Grimacing or strained facial expression
B) Slow heartbeat
C) Diaphoresis
D) Moaning or groaning at rest or movement
E) Taking sips of water from a cup
Ans: A, C, D
Feedback:
The nurse should carefully observe the client for the following signs: moaning or groaning at rest or with movement; failure to eat, drink, or respond to the presence of others; grimacing or strained facial expression; guarding or not moving parts of the body; resisting care or noncooperation with therapeutic interventions; and rapid heartbeat, diaphoresis, or change in vital signs.
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