Discuss the link between depression and sleep patterns.

What will be an ideal response?


Almost everyone with depression has sleep problems, and the sleep problems generally precede the mood changes. Many studies have reported that people who have trouble sleeping are at high risk for later depression (Li, Wu, Gan, Qu, & Lu,2016). The usual sleep pattern for someone with depression resembles the sleep of healthy people who have traveled a couple of time zones west: They fall asleep when the clock says to do so, but they enter REM sleep sooner than normal, and they awaken early. One approach is to alter the sleep schedule, going to bed hours earlier than usual. That is, if your circadian rhythm is shifted, so why not sleep earlier, in phase with your rhythm? The person then gets a normal amount of sleep with normal timing of REM sleep. This procedure usually relieves depression quickly and its benefits last for a week or more (Riemann et al., 1999). Another link between sleep patterns and depression is seen in patients with SAD. In contrast to most other patients with depression, who have phase-advanced circadian rhythms, people with seasonal affective disorder have phase-delayed rhythms (Teicher et al., 1997). Many people with SAD have a mutation in one of the genes responsible for regulating the circadian rhythm (Johansson et al., 2003).

Psychology

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_____ refers to the finding in many cultures that working in a group enhances individual performance rather than diminishes it

a) Social striving b) Social loafing c) Social networking d) Social gathering

Psychology

According to ______, subjective well-being is ‘an umbrella term for different valuations that people make regarding their lives, the events happening to them, their bodies and minds, and the circumstances in which they live’.

A. Aristotle B. Diener C. Doyal D. Maslow

Psychology

The moon illusion is best explained by

a. the effects of depth cues on apparent distance. b. the perceptual closure effect. c. magnification caused by the denser atmosphere along the horizon. d. convergence.

Psychology

In this illustration of the six-week-old embryo, the structure identified by # 3 will develop fully in

A. both males and females. B. males and remnants will remain in females. C. males but degenerate in females. D. females but degenerate in males.

Psychology