Explain how DeLeon’s conceptualization of habilitation instead of rehabilitation is the core of the TC treatment philosophy.
What will be an ideal response?
The TC remains consistent in the view that SUD is actually a disorder of the entire person. De Leon (2000) used the term habilitation instead of rehabilitation, arguing that the individual never effectively learned basic coping and life management skills, thus turning to substances. The TC habilitates the individual toward a total lifestyle change without the need for substance use (De Leon, 2000) across four areas (Kressel, De Leon, Palij, & Rubin, 2000): (1) developmental, (2) socialization, (3) psychological, and 4) community membership. Positive behavioral, cognitive, and emotional changes across these four areas are hypothesized to facilitate an effective habilitation and provide a strong foundation for substance-free living.
The TC uses a highly structured daily program to achieve this change, as the principal hypothesis is that the community is the agent of change (De Leon, 1997). Within this community-as-change-agent model, there exists a strong emphasis on self-reflection and acceptance of personal responsibility that permeates all facets of community life, such as the daily chores and duties, group or individual counseling, and the mentoring of new TC clients (Kerr, 2015). As with any SUD treatment program, varying versions of group counseling are supplemented with individual counseling and peer interactions in an effort to facilitate lasting change (De Leon, 2015).
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