Throughout this test, write your answer on the form provided. Erasure marks may cause the grading machine to mark your answer wrong. INSTRUCTIONS: The following selections relate to distinguishing arguments from nonarguments and identifying conclusions. Select the best answer for each. Assume that the universe is 14 billion years old. If we look at a galaxy that is 12 billion light years away, we
see it as it was 12 billion years ago, when the universe was only 2 billion years old. Thus, simply by looking to great distances, we can see what parts of the universe looked like when the universe was younger. The key limitation to this ability is the power of our telescopes. Jeffrey Bennett, et al., The Cosmic Perspective, 3rd edition
A) Nonargument.
B) Argument; conclusion: The key limitation ... power of our telescopes.
C) Argument; conclusion: Simply by looking ... universe was younger.
D) Argument; conclusion: Assume that the universe is 14 billion years old.
E) Argument; conclusion: If we look at a galaxy ... 2 billion years old.
C
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An ordinary example of an ecosystem is a pond
a. True b. False
INSTRUCTIONS: Select the answer that best characterizes each argument. Libertarians are insensitive to the plight of the poor. We know this is so because they want to abolish the minimum wage. And we know they want to do this because they want to eliminate all restrictions on hiring the poor. And of course this is true because Libertarians are insensitive to the plight of the poor
A) No fallacy. B) Composition. C) Begging the question. D) Appeal to pity. E) Slippery slope.
INSTRUCTIONS: The following problems relate to identifying and evaluating inductive and deductive arguments. Select the best answer for each. That billboard in the middle of the field says "Get the U.S. out of the U.N." From this it's clear that the United Nations is a bad organization
A) Deductive, valid. B) Inductive, weak. C) Deductive, weak. D) Deductive, invalid. E) Inductive, strong.
INSTRUCTIONS: Select the correct answer for each multiple choice question. Which of the following is a necessary condition for being a cat?
A) Having black fur. B) Weighing at least 8 pounds. C) Clawing the furniture. D) Being a calico. E) Being an animal.