List and explain the four elements of self-defense. Are there any exceptions to any of these elements? If so, explain

What will be an ideal response?


Self-defense consists of four elements: (1) Unprovoked attack. The defender didn't start or provoke the attack. (2) Necessity. Defenders can use deadly force only if it's necessary repel an imminent deadly attack, namely one that's going to happen right now. (3) Proportionality. Defenders can only use deadly force if the use of nondeadly force isn't enough, namely excessive force is not allowed. (4) Reasonable belief. The defender has to reasonably believe that it's necessary to use deadly force to repel the imminent deadly attack. The withdrawal exception applies to the unprovoked attack element.

Criminal Justice

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The vehicle exception to the search warrant is based on an automobile's lesser expectation of privacy and its _____________________

Fill in the blank with correct word.

Criminal Justice

A type of GPS system that stores data throughout the day and downloads data at night through a landline phone is a(n) __________ GPS system.

A. active B. passive C. remote D. continuous

Criminal Justice

With the rise of determinate sentencing systems and mandatory sentences, the prison population has

A. shrunk. B. slowed. C. exploded. D. contracted.

Criminal Justice

The _________ model emphasizes maintaining the offender's ties to family and community as a method of reform.

Fill in the blank(s) with the appropriate word(s).

Criminal Justice