The client with end-stage cirrhosis presents with GI bleeding, combativeness, and confusion. The nurse anticipates an order to administer which medication?
a. Omeprazole (Prilosec)
b. Somatostatin (Octreotide)
c. Propranolol (Inderal)
d. Lactulose (Heptalac)
D
Lactulose helps rid the body of ammonia. Excess ammonia leads to encephalopathy, which this client is manifesting. Omeprazole is a proton pump inhibitor used for reflux and ulcer disease. Somatostatin is given to treat bleeding from esophageal varices. Inderal is given to prevent bleeding from esophageal varices.
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A 93-year-old male patient with failure to thrive has begun exhibiting urinary incontinence
When choosing appropriate interventions, you know that various age-related factors can alter urinary elimination patterns in elderly patients. What is an example of these factors? A) Decreased residual volume B) Urethral stenosis C) Increased bladder capacity D) Decreased muscle tone
The nurse is planning to assess the integumentary status for an African American client. Which client statement supports the nurse's documentation that the client is experiencing pallor?
1. "The whites of my eyes don't look as white anymore; they have a little bit of a yellow cast to them." 2. "My nails look a little bit bluish." 3. "My nails are bright red." 4. "My palms and the inside of my mouth look really pale."
You find a patient on the floor at shift change. She is awake and alert. She is confused now and was not confused prior to the being found on the floor. What is your first step in the nursing process in this situation?
A. Leave the patient to get help. B. Gather more information by making observations about the patient. C. Call the patient's MD from your cell phone. D. Help the patient get up and then document your findings in the chart.
What are the fluid compartment consequences of hypotonic overhydration?
A. ECF compartment volume contracts, ICF volume expands B. ECF compartment volume contracts, ICF volume remains the same C. ECF compartment volume expands, ICF volume expands D. ECF compartment volume expands, ICF volume remains the same