Concerning primary and secondary powers, the maternity nurse should know that:
1. primary powers are responsible for the effacement and dilation of the cervix.
2. effacement generally is well advanced of dilation in first timers; they are more together in subsequent pregnancies.
3. scarring of the cervix as a result of prior infection or surgery may make the deli-very a bit more painful but should not slow or inhibit dilation.
4. pushing in the second stage of labor is more effective if the woman can breathe deeply and control some of her involuntary needs to push, as the nurse directs.
1
1. Correct. The primary powers are responsible for dilation and effacement; secondary powers are concerned with expulsion of the fetus.
2. Incorrect. Effacement generally is well advanced of dilation in first timers; they are more together in subsequent pregnancies.
3. Incorrect. Scarring of the cervix may slow dilation.
4. Incorrect. Pushing is more effective and less fatiguing when she begins to push only after she has the urge to do so.
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