Which approach assumes that disorders come from illogical, irrational cognitions, and that changing the thinking patterns to more rational, logical ones will relieve the symptoms of the disorder?
a) cognitive-behavioral
b) person-centered
c) psychoanalytic
d) Gestalt
ANS: a
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How would neuroscientists explain the early adulthood shifts in behavior that are often seen in the early twenties?
a. There is a decrease in cortical activity in the diencephalon—the hypothalamus and thalamus—which in turn leads to a stabilizing of endocrine activities. b. There is a thickening of the corpus callosum, so information can travel more readily across the cerebral hemispheres. c. There is further development in the prefrontal cortex, which is involved in higher level thinking processes. d. There is increased myelination in the structures of the hindbrain—the pons, medulla, and cerebellum—which leads to greater control of impulsive behaviors.
The positive symptoms of schizophrenia involve:
a. deficits in behavior, such as the inability to express emotion b. overt expressions of abnormal behavior, such as delusions or hallucinations c. the symptoms that emerge when drug treatment is first initiated d. the residual symptoms that continue after the schizophrenia has been cured
In one study, a group of college students who received 90 minutes of training in the relaxation response experienced
a. no benefit from the training. b. a slight increase in their stress levels. c. greatly reduced stress levels. d. significantly improved grades and increased socialization.
Saving the paper you just wrote to the hard drive of a computer is most analogous to the ____ of new memory traces
a. ?storage b. ?decay c. ?encoding d. ?retrieval