What term is used to describe a chronic renal failure caused by a lack of development of one of the kidneys?
a. Renal dysplasia
b. Renal agenesis
c. Hypoplastic kidney
d. Renal aplasia
ANS: D
During embryologic development, the ureteric duct grows into the metanephric tissue, triggering the formation of the kidneys. If this growth does not occur, the kidney is absent, a condition called renal aplasia. Renal dysplasia usually results from abnormal differentiation of the renal tis-sues. Renal agenesis is the absence of one or both kidneys. Hypoplastic kidney is small with a decreased number of nephrons.
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