If you were a bacterial cell, which of the following would be the most beneficial for you to have or be able to make for the survival of your species?

A. Endospore
B. Pilus
C. Cilia
D. Exotoxin


Answer: A

Biology & Microbiology

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What organisms are important nitrogen fixers in aquatic ecosystems?

A. diatoms B. cyanobacteria C. algae D. rhizobial fungi E. symbiotic coral animals

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Vaccinations introduce ____ into the body to stimulate the immune system and produce immunological memory

a. T cells b. antigens c. antibodies d. B cells

e. dendritic cells

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Why do lymph nodes often become swollen during an infection?

A. T cells reproduce in lymph nodes after being exposed to pathogens. B. B cells reproduce in lymph nodes after being exposed to pathogens. C. Macrophages move to lymph nodes after engulfing pathogens. D. Cytotoxic T cells attack pathogens in the lymph nodes, triggering inflammation. E. Vasodilation increases blood flow in the lymph nodes.

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Trisomy 21 or Down syndrome occurs when there is a normal diploid chromosomal complement of 46 chromosomes plus one (extra) chromosome 21. Such individuals therefore have 47 chromosomes

Assume that a mating occurs between a female with Down syndrome and a normal 46-chromosome male. What proportion of the offspring would be expected to have Down syndrome? Justify your answer.

Biology & Microbiology