Marshall would like to use utility theory to help him decide between two potential internship positions. Which one of the following best describes effective utilization of this approach?
A. Comparing the monetary costs of attending the internship to the salary increase he will receive after completing internship
B. Bringing to mind both positions and selecting the options that he feels he will regret the least
C. Identifying the likelihood of positive and negative outcomes for each position and selecting the option with the lowest likelihood of negative outcomes
D. Bringing to mind the logos for each of the hospitals where the positions are located and selecting the position with the most recognizable logo image
Answer: C
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When helping is altruistically motivated, people will try to ____
a. ignore the suffering of others b. escape having to see the suffering of others c. reduce the suffering of others d. make themselves feel better by doing something fun
Which of the following statements is correct regarding toilet training?
The behaviorist approach to toilet training has proved to be the most successful. Toilet training should begin within 1 month after birth. Children who begin toilet training at a later age take less time to train than children who start training at a younger age. Cultural practices are the biggest influence on the success of toilet training.
Professor Benvolio's personality course emphasizes the importance of Gordon Allport's contributions to the field of psychology. Professor Benvolio would be most likely to agree that ________
a. people fail to understand the power of culture on behavior, and so they attribute another person's mysterious actions to the individual's personality rather than cultural norms. b. repression occurs when a person's own unacceptable or threatening feelings are repressed and then attributed to someone else. c. the price of free will is often anxiety and despair, which is why many people try to escape from freedom into narrow certainties. d. most individuals have five to ten central traits that reflect a characteristic way of behaving, dealing with others, and reacting to new situations.
Who pioneered the classic studies that first made use of nonsense syllables in the study of forgetting and memory?
a. George Miller c. Hermann Ebbinghaus b. Lloyd and Margaret Peterson d. William James