Standard deviation is defined as:
a. a difference score based on the lowest and highest value in the set.
b. scores grouped so that the range in each set is standardized and equal.
c. scores that have been standardized to have a mean of zero.
d. the average difference between the mean and each of the scores in the set.
ANS: D
Scores that have been standardized to have a mean of zero describes a Z-score.
The difference between the lowest and highest values in the set is a definition of the range of the data.
The standard deviation indicates the average deviation of a score from the mean in that particular sample. Just as the mean is the average score, the standard deviation is the average difference score.
Scores grouped so that the range in each set is standardized and equal refers to grouped frequency distributions.
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