Immediately after the nurse administers an intracutaneous injection of an allergen on the forearm, a patient complains of itching at the site and of weakness and dizziness. What action should the nurse take first?
a. Remind the patient to remain calm.
b. Administer subcutaneous epinephrine.
c. Apply a tourniquet above the injection site.
d. Rub a local antiinflammatory cream on the site.
ANS: C
Application of a tourniquet will decrease systemic circulation of the allergen and should be the first reaction. A local antiinflammatory cream may be applied to the site of a cutaneous test if the itching persists. Epinephrine will be needed if the allergic reaction progresses to anaphylaxis. The nurse should assist the patient to remain calm, but this is not an adequate initial nursing action.
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