Explain the development of the due process clause to the Constitution
What will be an ideal response?
• The Bill of Rights initially offered citizens protection only against the federal government. Shortly after the end of the Civil War, in 1868, three-fourths of the states ratified the Fourteenth Amendment to expand the protections of the Bill of Rights.
• The most important part of the amendment reads: No State shall make or enforce any law which shall abridge the privileges or immunities of citizens of the United States; nor shall any State deprive any person of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law; nor deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws.
• It would be nearly a hundred years before those accused of crimes on the state level would enjoy all the same protections as those accused of breaking federal laws.
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_______ is a source of strain outlined by Robert Agnew. It can be caused by the loss of a girlfriend, moving to a new neighborhood, or the divorce of parents.
a. disjunction of expectations and achievements b. presentation of negative stimulus c. failure to achieve goals d. removal of positively valued stimuli
When an experiment is conducted in real-world, or field, settings instead of laboratories, it is known as a(n) _______ ___________.
Fill in the blank(s) with the appropriate word(s).
The philosophy of community policing is based on two perspectives:
A) Community welfare and traditional policing. B) Increased police patrol and intensified management. C) Reactive police response and a closer police-community structure. D) Proactive and information-based police responses.
According to contemporary psychological views of female delinquency, which statement is false?
a. Girls are more likely than boys to suffer mental health problems linked to life stressors and experiences of victimization. b. Female delinquents score high on psychological tests measuring such traits as psychopathic deviation, schizophrenia, paranoia, and psychasthenia. c. Male delinquents are significantly more likely than females to suffer from mood disorders. d. Antisocial adolescent girls have dysfunctional and violent relationships.