A nurse explains that hypertension occurs when a chain reaction of events takes place: (Place the following options in the appropriate sequence. Separate letters by a comma and space as follows: A, B, C, D.)
A. Ephedrine constricts vessels and increases the heart rate.
B. Renin constricts vessels and decreases the blood flow to the kidneys.
C. Angiotensin constricts vessels in response to renin.
D. Norepinephrine constricts vessels, increasing peripheral vascular resistance.
E. The adrenal cortex produces aldosterone, causing fluids and sodium to be retained.
D, A, B, C, E
The sequence is that norepinephrine, in response to the sympathetic nervous system, constricts vessels, causing an increase in peripheral vascular resistance; epinephrine constricts vessels and increases the heart rate; and renin is released because of the reduced blood flow to the kidneys, which stimulates the production of an angiotensin. Angiotensin stimulates the adrenal cortex to excrete aldosterone, causing retention of fluid and sodium.
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The pharmacology students are learning about medications used to treat urinary tract problems. What symptoms does phenazopyridine treat?
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Leda is a 38-year-old woman who began to experience weight gain, mood swings, and weakness. When her periods became irregular, she went to her physician
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The nurse is providing pre-procedure teaching about an ultrasound. The nurse informs the patient that in preparation for an ultrasound of the lower urinary tract the patient will require what?
A) Increased fluid intake to produce a full bladder B) Intravenous administration of radiopaque contrast agent C) Sedation and intubation D) The injection of a radioisotope