As you found in Part A, early Mars had both core convection and a strong magnetosphere. What is the connection between these two things?
a. Both core convection and a magnetosphere can exist only a very young planet.
b. Core convection creates volcanism and outgassing, the gas creates the magnetosphere.
c. Core convection helps generate a magnetic field, and the magnetic field creates the magnetosphere.
d. Both core convection and a magnetosphere are consequences of a strong greenhouse effect.
Answer : c. Core convection helps generate a magnetic field, and the magnetic field creates the magnetosphere.
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Why do higher-mass stars live shorter lives on the main sequence than lower-mass stars?
a. Higher-mass stars burn through their nuclear fuel faster. b. Lower-mass stars don't get their energy from that same nuclear fusion source as higher-mass stars. c. Higher-mass stars have less hydrogen fuel to burn. d. Lower-mass stars spend a longer time evolving to the main sequence. e. All of the other choices are false.
What are the standard candles used to determine that the universe is accelerating?
A: spiral galaxies B: elliptical galaxies C: Type Ia supernovae D: light bulbs E: Type II supernovae formed from the death of massive stars
According to our present theory of solar system formation, how did Earth end up with enough water to make oceans?
A) The water was mixed in the other materials in the planetesimals that accreted at our distance from the Sun. B) The water was formed by chemical reactions among the minerals in the Earth's core. C) The water was brought to the forming Earth by planetesimals that accreted beyond the orbit of Mars. D) Earth formed in the relatively narrow region of the solar nebular in which liquid water was plentiful.
Power is defined as the
A) force exerted divided by the time of exertion. B) force exerted multiplied by the distance moved. C) work done multiplied by the time to do the work. D) work done divided by the time to do the work. E) none of the above