Explain the various theories and explanations for why we observe such dramatic differences in health outcomes along racial and ethnic lines in the U.S.
What will be an ideal response?
1. Early explanations relied on trying to identify genetic differences between whites and non-whites. These explanations are now discredited.
2. Social scientists today have three general explanations. The first is that race and social class are deeply intertwined social variables and, therefore, the racial differences we observe in health disparities are actually the result of social class differences.
3. The second asserts the accumulated stress over the life course via exposure to discrimination and racism has a weathering effect on non-whites in the U.S. Stress contributes to a number of negative health outcomes; when it is chronic these health outcomes are worse.
4. Third, non-whites – especially African Americans – receive different medical treatment than do whites. This could be the result of healthcare options being different in segregated communities.
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