Maria is painting her bedroom while the sun is setting. She decides to stop painting because she notices the illumination in the room has decreased, making the room darker. Maria's experience illustrates the role of __________ in perception.
A. Weberian thresholds
B. just noticeable differences
C. absolute thresholds
D. bias
Answer: B
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In operant conditioning terms, _____ occurs when something unpleasant is added and the result is a decreased response rate
a. positive reinforcement b. negative reinforcement c. positive punishment d. negative punishment
Family patterns of high expressed emotion, criticism, or hostility can be a problem when a family member has a medical condition such as __________
a) high blood pressure. b) poor learning. c) personality disorder. d) schizophrenia.
Consider the following things that a person might experience in a relationship: financial security, emotional support, social status. According to Rusbult's (1983) investment theory, these things that might be lost were the relationship to end are called
a. interpersonal benefits. b. investments. c. comparison levels. d. relational resources.
In order for the birth of psychology to occur, mounting evidence from the areas of physiology, medicine, and psychophysics had to emerge. After all, if knowledge is gained through the senses and physical damage to areas of the brain are evidenced by behavioral changes, what does this mean for the exalted nature of human beings as a species? Which of the following ideas did not accompany the birth of psychology?
A. Observation is a more valid approach to knowledge than reason. B. Studying the behavior of other species gains insight into human behavior. C. Empirical methods used in the natural sciences could be used to study mental processes. D. Reason is a powerful tool in explaining both human and animal behavior