Because instruction in either reading or writing contributes to improvement in both, one recommended technique is “copy change,” where students

a. copy out a text word-for-word before writing their own text.
b. illustrate several copies of published informational books.
c. alternate writing paragraphs with fellow students.
d. read and reread a piece of writing as a model for their own writing.


ANS: D

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How a group of people perceives, believes, thinks, and behaves is the ________________of those people

a. attitude c. right b. culture d. ethnocentrism

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Which of the following aspects of attachment do NOT contribute to self-regulation?

a. Manageable demands and a positive emotional climate b. A balance between sensitive responses and dismissive responses c. Consistently repeated occurrences of co-regulation d. Adult –child conversations about managing emotions

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Which one of the following statements reflects a concern about the separation and control of variables?

a. "How do you think I should make amends with Martha? If I tell her I'm sorry, she might think I'm lying." b. "I'm catching more tadpoles today, but I don't know if it's because I'm using a larger container to catch them or because I'm working in a different part of the frog pond." c. "I have two tests to study for tonight—science and Spanish. I'll study one subject before dinner and the other one after dinner so I don't get them confused." d. "I'm trying to learn how to do a lay-up shot. Can you show me all the things I should do, going one step at a time?"

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What is the dependent variable?

In an experiment that examined the effects of food and food labels on liking, an experimenter randomly assigned participants to receive a plate of food, either pasta, steamed vegetables, seafood, or a steak. The experimenter also told participants it was either “traditional American food” or “exotic food.” Use the following APA style write-up to answer the question that follow it. A two-way ANOVA on offensiveness suggested no main effect of type of food, F(3, 154) = 1.15, p = .346, ?2 = .009, and no main effect of food label, F(1, 154) = 0.87, p = .682, ?2 = .003. However, there was an interaction between type of food and label of food, F(3, 154) = 6.32, p = .08, ?2 = .089. Participants liked pasta more when it was supposedly exotic (M = 9.93) than when it was American (M = 5.20), p < .01, d = 0.45. Likewise, steak was liked more when it was labeled exotic (M = 9.92) than when it was labeled American (M = 4.92), p < .01, d = 0. 50. However, participants preferred steamed vegetables more when it was labeled American (M = 5.55) than when it was labeled as being exotic food (M = 2.03), p < .02, d = 0.34. There were no differences in preference for seafood when it was labeled American (M = 5.66) or exotic (M = 5.32), p = .55, d = 0.06.

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