The nurse is explaining how a newly delivered baby initiates respirations. Which statement explains this process?
a. Drying off the infant
b. Chemical, thermal, and mechanical factors
c. An increase in the PO2 and a decrease in the PCO2
d. The continued functioning of the foramen ovale
ANS: B
A variety of these factors are responsible for initiation of respirations. Tactile stimuli aid in initiating respirations but are not the main cause. The PO2 decreases at birth and the PCO2 increases. The foramen ovale closes at birth.
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A patient who suffered a laceration while doing woodwork in his garage will have his wound treated under local anesthesia achieved using lidocaine and epinephrine
The nurse who will assist with the procedure should recognize that epinephrine performs what function in this situation? A) Promoting vasodilation B) Prolonging the effects of lidocaine C) Preventing adverse effects of lidocaine D) Blocking the afferent nerve pathways
A two-month-old infant with a congenital heart defect has been admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit with congestive heart failure. Nursing care for this child should include which intervention?
1. Monitor respirations during active periods. 2. Give larger feedings less often to conserve energy. 3. Organize activities to allow for uninterrupted sleep. 4. Force fluids appropriate for age.
The nurse identifies the diagnosis of "Anxiety related to absence of significant other" as appropriate for a pregnant patient. For which assessment finding is this diagnosis appropriate?
A) Spouse works the night shift. B) Mother is recovering from a total hip replacement. C) Oldest daughter is preparing for a school dance recital. D) Spouse is in the military and is stationed in the Middle East.
Which change in mental status is consistently seen in individuals with delirium that differentiates the condition from dementia?
A) Impaired short-term memory B) Disorientation to self C) Apraxia D) Clouding of consciousness