Which protist clade (supergroup) is characterized by their greatly modified mitochondria?
a. excavates
b. unikonts
c. rhizarians
d. archaeplastids
e. chromalvolates
a
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Using sequence data, it has been shown that:
A. humans evolved from the Neanderthals. B. Homo sapiens arose gradually in many places. C. Homo sapiens arose separately from Homo erectus and Homo neanderthalensis, expanding out of Africa. D. Homo sapiens arose separately from Homo erectus and Homo neanderthalensis, expanding out of Asia. E. Homo sapiens evolved from Homo erectus.
Genetic studies of an animal show that eye color is controlled by an autosomal gene with the dominant allele (R) for
red eye color and the recessive allele (r) for yellow eye color. A second autosomal gene has the dominant allele (T) for paws with thumbs and the recessive allele (t) for paws without thumbs. The genetic cross RRTT x rrtt creates offspring with genotype RrTt. One of those dihybrids is mated in a testcross (RrTt x rrtt). If the two genes are completely linked (no recombination occurs between them), then the testcross should produce offspring with the phenotype ratio ____.
a. 3 red-eyed with thumbs : 1 yellow-eyed without thumbs. b. 1 red-eyed with thumbs : 1 yellow-eyed with thumbs: 1 red-eyed without thumbs: 1 yellow-eyed without thumbs. c. 1 red-eyed with thumbs : 1 yellow-eyed without thumbs. d. 9 red-eyed with thumbs : 3 yellow-eyed with thumbs: 3 red-eyed without thumbs: 1 yellow-eyed without thumbs. e. 1 yellow-eyed with thumbs : 1 red-eyed without thumbs.
Which evolutionary change was not one of the four primary milestones contributing to the evolution of the seed?
a. the proliferation of flagellated sperm b. the emergence of sexually different spores c. the protection of female spores and gametophytes within the body of the sporophyte d. the trend toward reduced gametophytes e. the evolution of the ovule
Which immune cells can kill cancerous cells that lack MHC markers?
a. effector B cells b. cytotoxic T cells c. natural killer cells d. both cytotoxic T cells and natural killer cells e. all of these