In an experimental procedure, the variable that is under the control of the experimenter is known as the __________ variable
a. dependent
b. extraneous
c. independent
d. matching
C
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How would you be affected by watching a videotape of your own behavior?
a. More likely than usual to consider yourself smarter than other people b. Less likely than usual to consider yourself smarter than other people c. More likely than usual to give an internal attribution for your behavior d. More likely than usual to give an external attribution for your behavior
Classical test theory assumes that
a. there are no errors in measurement. b. each person has a true score. c. observed scores almost always reflect true ability. d. errors of measurement are systematic.
The authors’ speculative discussion of the S-R and S-S theories of classical conditioning begins and ends with a caveat, namely, that their speculation is unscientific. It is unscientific because
a. it fails to refer to the theories in quantitative terms. b. it refers to imagined events rather than observed events. c. classical conditioning is not scientifically respectable. d. in reality, there is only one theory of classical conditioning.
Sensitization can threaten external validity because the results obtained in a study may be limited to ____
a. the unique circumstances of the research study b. individuals who have experienced a pretest c. individuals who have experienced a series of conditions d. participants who take on a variety of subject roles