Aphids can feed in the leafy treetops (or tree canopies). Ants are usually not abundant in the tree canopies unless aphids are also present. You introduce aphids to an area of the tree canopy and survey the abundance of ants over time
You continue your experiments by
taking one of the trees in the canopy and removing all of the ants. If the ants and aphids are
in a mutualistic relationship that strongly benefits them both, you expect the aphid population
will _____________ in response to the lack of ants.
A. increase in size
B. stay the same size
C. decrease in size
D. change species composition
E. change in demographics (age distribution)
C
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Sodium ions are single atoms. Why can't they simply diffuse through the cell membrane's lipid bilayer?
A. Since they are charged, ions can't cross the hydrophobic center of the membrane without a channel or pump. B. Sodium ions are covalently attached in groups of three, which are too large to diffuse easily. C. Ions do traverse the membrane easily, but the sodium-potassium pump moves them back across. D. Chelator proteins capture any ions that start to cross the bilayer.
Which of the following statements is false?
a. Cytotoxic T cells kill body cells that have been invaded by pathogens. b. The cell-mediated response is ineffective against a pathogen that has already entered the cytoplasm of a body cell. c. Cytotoxic T cells are produced by the bone marrow but mature in the thymus gland. d. Cytotoxic T cells are unable to destroy freefloating viruses they encounter in the bloodstream. e. Cytotoxic T cells secrete perforins that are able to punch holes in infected cells.
Eukaryotic genomes are larger than prokaryotic genomes.
a. true b. false
The technique shown in Image B is most likely the:
a) Auramine-rhodamine b) PAS c) Kinyoun d) Thioflavin T