Discuss the cause of metabolic syndrome, and identify two risk factors for developing metabolic syndrome. Provide recommendations that would decrease the risk of developing this syndrome.
What will be an ideal response?
The underlying cause of metabolic syndrome is not entirely clear, but it is thought to result from central adiposity and insulin resistance. Insulin resistance refers to the diminished ability of cells to respond to the action of insulin in promoting the transport of glucose from blood into muscles and other tissues. To compensate, the pancreas produces more insulin, resulting in hyperinsulinemia. A sedentary lifestyle and a pro-inflammatory, atherogenic diet contribute to insulin resistance, while progressive weight gain, central obesity, inflammation, existing cancer, and HIV increase the risk.Recommendations for decreasing the risk of developing this syndrome include following a Mediterranean-style diet, weight loss, and increased physical activity.
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The formation of free radicals or reactive oxygen species (ROS) is related to ____
A) the amount of antioxidants circulating in the blood B) the amount of antioxidants consumed as supplements C) exercise intensity and duration D) lack of cardiovascular fitness
Calcium absorption is highest in:
a. infancy b. young adults c. older adults d. after menopause
Marine vertebrates are sea creatures that
A. get their oxygen from above the water surface or through gills. B. have shells and siphon water through valves to obtain nutrients. C. are commercially important to the food supply. D. are nutritionally superior to other meats.
Foods groups that are encouraged in the 2005 Dietary Guidelines include all of the following EXCEPT:
a. whole-grain products. b. vegetables from all five subgroups. c. fat-free or low-fat dairy products. d. trans fat.