What does it take to get all the vitamins and minerals necessary for good health? Do you think you get enough of them? Why or why not?
What will be an ideal response?
Ideally, we should be able to get our vitamins and minerals through a balanced diet, but as Bruce Ames and his colleagues argue, "we are far from achieving this goal, especially among the poor.". They also note that particular populations may need to take vitamin supplements even if they are eating an ideal diet. For example, B12 deficiencies may develop in older people due to age-related declines in their ability to efficiently absorb this vital micronutrient—in its crystalline form found in supplements it is more readily absorbed than from foods.
Vitamin D3 manufactured from the skin's exposure to ultraviolet rays is less efficiently generated with age and is diminished in dark-skinned individuals. The USDA and HSS Dietary Guidelines for Americans also note that Americans consume too little calcium, vitamin D, and potassium. Thus, it may be prudent to take a daily multivitamin/mineral supplement as insurance, preferably one with "USP" (United States Pharmacopeia) on the label. The USP designation indicates that the supplement meets independent testing quality criteria. Today more than half of Americans take vitamin supplements.
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When a person remembers or notices only things that back up his or her expectations and forgets the rest, he or she is experiencing
a. the Barnum Effect. b. the confirmation bias. c. astrologer's dilemma. d. uncritical acceptance.
Bluma hates making decisions, especially about things she does not like. Her mom wants her to either mow the lawn or clean her room this weekend. This is an example of a(n) ________ conflict
a) avoidance-avoidance b) good-evil c) negative-negative d) approach-approach
Social learning theory focuses on
A) how moral behavior is learned through reinforcement and modeling. B) the emotional side of conscience development. C) children's ability to reason about justice and fairness. D) identification and guilt as motivators of good conduct.
In general, compared with adolescent girls' friendships, adolescent boys' friendships
A) have higher degrees of intimacy. B) are more sensitive to concerns about rejection. C) are more fragile. D) last longer.