The nurse suspects a patient is experiencing fluid volume excess. What did the nurse most likely assess in this patient? (Select all that apply.)
a. Thirst
b. Bounding pulse
c. Shallow respirations
d. Distended neck veins
e. Pitting edema of the feet
ANS: B, C, D, E
B. C. D. E. Manifestations of fluid volume excess include a bounding pulse and shallow respirations, distended neck veins, and pitting edema in the feet. A. Thirst is a manifestation of fluid volume deficit.
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