The forearm flexors (biceps, brachii, and brachialis) are innervated by which nerve?
A. Median
B. Ulnar
C. Radial
D. Axillary
E. Musculocutaneous
E. Musculocutaneous
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Which of the following is incorrect pertaining to the bony pelvis?
A) The pelvic girdle is composed of the right and left hip bones and the sacrum. B) In infants and children the hip bone is composed of three separate bones—the ilium, ischium, and pubis. C) The ala of the ilium helps to form the acetabulum. D) The ischial spine separates the greater and lesser sciatic foramina. E) The pelvic brim separates the greater (false) and lesser (true) pelves.
Answer the following statements true (T) or false (F)
1) Pharyngeal pouch V is sometimes absent. 2) Pharyngeal arch IV is also called the hyoid arch. 3) The embryonic heart begins pumping and circulating blood during the sixth week of development. 4) Pharyngeal arch I is also called the mandibular arch.
Osteoblasts are ______, whereas osteocytes are ______
A) bone-dissolving cells; mature bone cells B) bone-forming cells; mature bone cells C) mature bone cells; bone-forming cells D) bone-forming cells; bone-dissolving cells
John Musick and Julia Ellis have proposed that the ancestral reproductive mode for elasmobranchs was "yolk-sac viviparity
" That is, embryos were retained throughout their development in the oviducts of the female and emerged as miniatures of the adults (i.e., viviparity), but nutrition was provided by yolk that was deposited at the time the egg was formed, not from the mother during development (i.e., lecithotrophy, not matrotrophy). They suggest that oviparity (depositing eggs that develop outside the body of the mother) was associated with the evolution of small body size because it increased the fecundity of small species of elasmobranchs. What is their reasoning? That is, why would oviparity provide greater fecundity than viviparity for small species of elasmobranchs? What other factors might make one mode superior to the other?