The variable that is systematically changed or manipulated by a researcher in an experiment is called the
a. independent variable. c. dependent variable.
b. correlational variable. d. extraneous variable.
A
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Cannon hypothesized that stress makes us more susceptible to illness because intense or chronic stress overwhelms the body's ________, a term he coined to mean the tendency to return to a steady state of normal functioning
a. homeostatis b. immunosuppression c. automatic reset d. immune system
To estimate the standard deviation of the sampling distribution when using a single-sample t test, we use the:
a. estimated standard deviation. b. estimated population standard deviation. c. estimated standard error of the mean. d. true standard error of the mean.
Which of the following students provides the best summary of the decline of behaviorism and the rising popularity of the cognitive approach?
a. Sarah: "Psychologists began to realize that the behaviorists only emphasized behavior, and they admired how the cognitive approach emphasized people's emotional experiences." b. Harlan: "Many psychologists favored the cognitive approach, because the behaviorist approach could not account for complex thought processes." c. Ilia: "Most psychologists thought that the behaviorist approach was too heavily influenced by its early gestalt principles." d. Savita: "In general, psychologists realized that the cognitive approach was better than the behaviorist approach in explaining individual differences."
In comparison with one-tailed tests, two-tailed tests are
a. less conservative. b. more conservative. c. less likely to lead to a Type II error. d. more likely to lead to a Type I error.