While turning a patient in bed, the nurse notes a considerable amount of the patient's hair is on the pillow. The nurse realizes this could indicate which of the following nutritional disorders?
1. protein-calorie malnutrition
2. Marasmus
3. Kwashiorkor
4. obesity
1
Rationale: Clinical signs of protein-protein malnutrition include skin breakdown, poor wound healing, and surgical dehiscence. Hair is easily plucked, and hair remnants are often noted on the patient's pillowcase and/or sheets. Marasmus is a severe cachetic process where all available fat stores have been depleted from calorie deficiency and is not associated with hair loss. Kwashiorkor is a condition that occurs in the presence of protein deficiency but the patient is receiving adequate calories for survival; it is not associated with hair loss. Obesity is a condition of over-nutrition and is not characterized by hair loss.
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The rehabilitation nurse can use basic rehabilitation skills regardless of the origin of the disability. What intervention would be effective for a person with arthritis, a person with a brain injury, or a person with a spinal cord injury?
a. Encouraging large fluid intake b. Seeking spiritual support from a higher being c. Using the spouse as a support system d. Positioning to maintain alignment
The nurse is initiating parenteral nutrition on a postoperative patient. The nurse will initiate the therapy by:
A) Starting a rapid infusion rate to meet the patient's nutritional needs B) Initiating the infusion slowly and monitoring the patient's fluid and glucose tolerance C) Changing the rate of administration hourly based upon serum electrolyte values D) Increasing the rate of infusion at meal times to mimic the circadian rhythm of the body
Members of the nursing staff are to participate in a unit-based clinical research study. Which research-related actions would be expected of a nurse with a baccalaureate nursing degree?
a. Using critical appraisal skills to understand and assess the steps of the research process b. Providing expert nursing consultation about the way in which clinical services are delivered c. Developing research methods to monitor and evaluate the quality of nursing practice in the clinical setting d. Providing leadership in the application of scientific knowledge to nursing practice
Which of the following theories are leader centered?
a. Transformational b. Servant c. Skills c. Path–goal