Describe what effects might be statistically significant if this researcher computed an analysis of variance.
A researcher examined whether people's responses to injustice depend on whether the offender in a hypothetical scenario is a male or a female, and whether the offender apologized (or not) after the offense. Participants were randomly assigned to the gender of the offender condition (female, male) and apology condition (present, absent).
Participants read a hypothetical scenario in which a person (male or female) acted unjustly and the action results in severe harm. Half of the participants read that the offender apologized; the other half read the same scenario except no apology was mentioned. Participants then rated the extent to which they would forgive the offender using a 0 (no forgiveness) to 9 (complete forgiveness) rating scale. The researcher predicted that participants' forgiveness would be greater following an apology compared to the apology-absent condition. The researcher also predicted that the gender of the offender would have no effect on forgiveness.
The researcher observed the following means:
It is likely that the researcher would observe a statistically significant interaction effect between the Apology and Offender Gender variables, and it is likely that the main effect of Apology and the main effect of Offender Gender would be statistically significant.
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What was Lawrence Kohlberg's position about moral reasoning?
a. Morality is a set of arbitrary rules that we have to memorize b. Morality varies enormously from one culture to another. c. To evaluate moral reasoning, we have to evaluate people's actual behavior. d. Moral reasoning matures through a set of stages.
The difference between the values of degrees of freedom for one sample t tests and related means t tests is that
a. related means t tests have a df = N – 2, where N is the number of pairs of scores. b. related means t tests have a df = N, where N is the number of pairs of scores. c. related means t tests have a df = N – 1, where N is the number of pairs of scores. d. one sample t tests have a df = N – 2, where N is the total number of raw scores.
When heterosexual men were given oxytocin or a placebo prior to meeting an attractive woman, the oxytocin had no effect on single men, but it caused those in a monogamous relationship to stand farther away
a. True b. False Indicate whether the statement is true or false
Today, psychologists believe that thoughts and feelings:
A) arise from electrical and chemical activities of the brain. B) arise from a nonphysical mind interacting with the pineal gland in the brain. C) are not proper subject matter for science research. D) usually are not adaptive in helping us function effectively in the world.