What is Down syndrome, and how can it be prevented in children?
What will be an ideal response?
The most commonly identified form of intellectual disability is Down syndrome, which is genetically transmitted. Children with Down syndrome have 47 chromosomes instead of 46. They have a round face, a flattened skull, an extra fold of skin over the eyelids, a protruding tongue, short limbs, and motor and mental disabilities. It is not known why the extra chromosome is present, but the health of the male sperm or female ovum might be involved. Women between the ages of 18 and 38 are far less likely than younger or older women to give birth to a child with Down syndrome. Down syndrome appears in about 1 in every 700 live births. African American children are rarely born with Down syndrome. With early intervention and extensive support from the child's family and professionals, many children with Down syndrome can grow into independent adults. Children with Down syndrome can fall into the mild to severe categories of intellectual disability.
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