Explain how Schutz’s intersubjectivity connects to Emile Durkheim.
What will be an ideal response?
Schutz’s emphasis on shared consciousness and meaning recalls Émile Durkheim’s conceptualization of “collective conscience.” Durkheim used this term to refer to the “totality of beliefs and sentiments common to average citizens of the same society” that “forms a determinate system which has its own life” (1893/1984:38–39).2 However, in contrast to Durkheim, Schutz does not conceptualize the preorganized and pregiven elements of the lifeworld as acting on the individual with the external power of constraint. Rather, in accordance with the basic premises of symbolic interactionism (see Chapter 5), Schutz views one’s “natural attitude” as based on the acceptance, interpretation, redefinition, and modification of cultural elements by the individual (Wagner 1973:64).
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What is the association between hearing loss and the experience of negative emotional reactions?
ANSWER:
Karan, a sociologist, examines advertisements in a sports magazine that portray men in a stereotypical manner. Identify the method of data collection that Karan is using.
A. Secondary analysis B. Experiments C. Surveys D. Field research E. Content analysis
Which of the following would a sociologist consider the act of confession?
A. Religious experience B. Religious belief C. Religious ritual D. Cultural universal
In 2011, a wave of popular uprisings seeking more democratic government swept across which region of the world?
a. sub-Saharan Africa b. North America c. South America d. the Middle East