Japanese cultural patterns downplay the role of individuals and the result is a legal system with particular characteristics. Which of the following is seen as resulting especially from the de-emphasis of individuals?

a. Informality
b. Formality
c. Punitiveness
d. Forgiveness


a. Informality

Criminal Justice

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The Anti-Drug Abuse Amendments of 1988 created a complex and extensive body of civil penalties aimed at casual drug users

Indicate whether the statement is true or false

Criminal Justice

Sheriffs tend to be____________________ than police chiefs

a. older and less highly trained and educated b. younger and more highly trained and educated c. in charge of more valuable resources d. more actively involved in civic activities

Criminal Justice

Hirschi claims that youths who get good grades have a lot to lose by committing crime. Which social bond is he describing?

A. attachment B. commitment C. involvement D. belief

Criminal Justice

Correctional officers in early prison operations had more discretion in carrying out their duties than modern correctional officers

a. True b. False

Criminal Justice