A study compared sprint performances of two groups of athletes; one group consumed caffeine 30 minutes prior to racing and the other did not. The study found a difference in sprint performance between the groups and noted it with the statistical notation "p <.05." What does this mean?
A. Sprinters that consumed caffeine were .05 seconds faster than those who did not.
B. Five sprinters were studied in each group.
C. There is a less than 5% chance that this difference occurred by chance.
D. The measures of sprint time were only marginally reliable.
Answer: C
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