Mental sets can enhance problem solving under some conditions. However, they generally are not a good idea when
a. one has to solve a problem quickly.
b. the problem-solving situation changes.
c. it is necessary to rely on what has worked in the past.
d. one is solving mathematics problems.
Answer: b. the problem-solving situation changes.
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Many researchers have tested people's ability to recognize emotions from facial expressions. Why do these studies underestimate our ability to judge other people's emotions? a. Many studies have asked observers to match the expressions to a list of choices. b. Ordinarily we consider other information such as context and posture
c. The faces shown in the experiments gave relatively weak expressions. d. Most experiments asked the observers to identify the expressions quickly.
Cognitive psychologists are concerned with the scientific study of __________.
A. reinforcement B. alienation and apathy C. mental processes D. self-actualization
In Milgram’s obedience studies, the experimenter’s fourth prod is ‘You have no choice; you must go on’. What is unique about this prod?
a. it is the only direct order b. the participant did have a choice c. it stressed the ‘team’ of experimenter and participant d. it showed that morality had no role in the participants’ behavior e. it showed that the participants were in a very strange setting
One way to reduce the amount of forgetting of information in short-term memory is through a process known as
a) savings b) chunking c) immediate rehearsal d) metamemory