An environment would be considered harsh to an organism if:
a. it would be difficult for the individual to maintain homeostasis.
b. the temperatures are extreme.
c. salinity varies.
d. pressure gradients are large.
e. light levels are low.
A
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The R and S genes are linked and 10 map units apart. In the cross R s / r S × r s / r s what fraction of the progeny will be R S / r s?
A) 5% B) 10% C) 25% D) 40% E) 45%
Molecules called uncouplers allow protons to cross the inner mitochondrial membrane, which decreases the proton gradient potential. Consequently, ATP production in the mitochondria would
A. not change, because protons cross the outer mitochondrial membrane to produce ATP. B. increase, because this would spontaneously establish a proton gradient for powering ATP synthase. C. decrease, because the proton gradient, for powering ATP synthase, would dissipate. D. increase, because this would make more oxygen available in the mitochondrial matrix. E. decrease, because electrons would not be able to move through the electron transport chain.
Slipped disks are very common in the United States. Which of the following can cause a slipped disk?
A) slipping on the ice in winter and breaking a vertebra of the coccyx B) improper lifting, leading to a bulge in a disk between two lumbar vertebrae C) two vertebrae of the sacrum slipping past each other in opposite directions D) scoliosis
Choose the one most appropriate answer for each.
A. Activation energy B. NAD+ C. Phosphorylation D. Feedback inhibition E. Active site F. Allosteric enzyme G. Enzyme H. Adenosine triphosphate I. Catalase J. Entropy