What are cognitive pragmatics? Explain, in brief, the distinction between cognitive mechanics and cognitive pragmatics.
What will be an ideal response?
Cognitive pragmatics are the culture-based "software programs" of the mind. They include reading and writing skills, language comprehension, educational qualifications, professional skills, and also the type of knowledge about the self and life skills that help people master or cope with challenges. Because of the strong influence of culture on cognitive pragmatics, their improvement into old age is possible. Thus, although cognitive mechanics may decline in old age, cognitive pragmatics may actually improve, at least until individuals become very old. The distinction between cognitive mechanics and cognitive pragmatics is similar to the one between fluid (mechanics) and crystallized (pragmatics) intelligence.
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Coleman thought he was really good at math. His parents always said so, and so did his kindergarten teacher. But now that he was in first grade, Coleman, using __________, noticed that other first-graders were moving further along the math achievement chart than he was.
A. self-esteem B. social comparison C. a fixed mindset D. emotional display rules
The most common reason for the use of punishment in behavior therapy is that
a. the target behavior resisted indirect deceleration. b. punishment is much easier to administer. c. the client (or client-advocate) requested punishment. d. an adequate competing behavior could not be found.
The average age at which each motor milestone is met ____.?
a. ?applies equally to almost all children b. ?falls within a wide range of normal development c. ?varies greatly depending on culture d. ?is a fairly precise measure of how each child is likely to develop
Neurons that respond to specific qualities (e.g., such as orientation, movement, and length) that make up objects are called
a. retinal cells. b. feature detectors. c. dendrites. d. receptors.