Children who have oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) tend to be a challenge for caregivers. Andy
conducted a study and one of the conclusions was that positive reinforcement reduced acting-out
behaviors.
However, Andy also speculated that it may not be positive reinforcement that solely
produced the effect, but instead that the quality of the interpersonal interactions may have played a
role. Thus, he reports that more research should be dedicated to understanding the role of quality
interactions between caregivers and ODD children. What is Andy facilitating by this
recommendation?
a) Limitations of the study
b) Theoretical considerations
c) Possibility of a new research question
d) The difficulty of treating ODD
c
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A logical set of characteristics for a variable ______.
A. concepts B. variables C. attributes D. units of analysis
Per a longitudinal study of recovery Airline Pilots, the relapse rate falls to nearly zero after:
a. treatment. b. they commit to 12 steps. c. they contract with a continuing care case manager. d. 90 days. e. five years.
Temporary Assistance for Needy Families replaced which former income
maintenance program? A. General Relief B. Food Stamps C. Emergency grants D. Aid to Families with Dependent Children
The idea that behaviors that are not reinforced will reduce to their baseline or natural
level of occurrence is a. Formal operations b. Unconditioned response c. Responsiveness d. Extinction