Explain the concepts of sunk cost fallacy and base rate neglect. Provide an example of each type of thinking
What will be an ideal response?
The sunk cost fallacy is the mistaken belief that if a great deal of effort, time, or
money has already been invested in something, then more time, effort, and money
should be invested even though the outcome is not likely to improve. There are
many possible examples here, e.g., a student persists in developing a project for the
science fair that he/she has spent hours working on, but it is not coming together
properly. The student will continue to invest time and effort and present it at the
science fair only to receive no prize or attention. Base rate neglect refers to the
fallacy in which a person ignores the statistical and scientific data regarding an idea
and continues to behave in a manner based on emotional thought. There are many
possible examples, e.g., many students know that if they only read the bold words in
their text, they are not likely to do well on exams. Yet, they continue to "study" this
way because it's easier.
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One of the reasons it is important to understand the various paths a child with disordered conduct might take is to better understand when and how to intervene
Indicate whether the statement is true or false
Most individuals do not show evidence of reflective judgment until their ________, if ever
a. teen years b. middle to late20s c. early to middle 30s d. late thirties to early 40s
Which of the following is true regarding anorexia nervosa?
a. Women with anorexia nervosa have less risk of developing osteoporosis. b. Severe weight loss triggers abnormalities in the endocrine system. c. The mortality rate of women with anorexia nervosa is 25%. d. Females with anorexia generally drop 10% of their weight within a given year.
Obesity is caused by ________ factors
A) a combination of genetic and environmental B) genetic C) environmental D) biomedical