A 64-year-old patient who has amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is hospitalized with pneumonia. Which nursing action will be included in the plan of care?
a. Assist with active range of motion (ROM).
b. Observe for agitation and paranoia.
c. Give muscle relaxants as needed to reduce spasms.
d. Use simple words and phrases to explain procedures.
ANS: A
ALS causes progressive muscle weakness, but assisting the patient to perform active ROM will help maintain strength as long as possible. Psychotic manifestations such as agitation and paranoia are not associated with ALS. Cognitive function is not affected by ALS, and the patient's ability to understand procedures will not be impaired. Muscle relaxants will further increase muscle weakness and depress respirations.
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