A 70-year-old client admitted to a hospital for a prostatectomy is surprised to learn that his physician has prescribed insulin on a sliding scale,

Question

despite the fact that the client successfully manages his type 2 diabetes using diet and oral antihyperglycemics when at home. Which of the following facts may underlie the physician's action?
A) The stress of illness stimulates the hypothalamus to release corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF).
B) Stress-induced release of vasopressin increases serum blood glucose.
C) Stress and illness can increase glycogenolysis and insulin resistance.
D) Increased levels of epinephrine and norepinephrine cause alterations in glucose metabolism.

Answer 1

Ans: C
Feedback:
Stress-induced hyperglycemia results from numerous factors, including enhanced release of glucose from glycogen stores, increased production of glucose from noncarbohydrate sources such as amino acids, and an accompanying state of insulin resistance that impairs glucose uptake into skeletal muscle. CRF, vasopressin, epinephrine, and norepinephrine do not have direct and pronounced effects on blood glucose levels during times of stress and illness.