Sampling may be defined as which of the following?
A) Selection of an accessible population for a study
B) Selection of a subset of a population to represent the entire population
C) Assignment of study participants to treatment groups
D) Technique for ensuring that every element in the population has an equal chance of being included in the study
B
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Sampling is the process of selecting elements from a population, which is an entire aggregate of cases. An element is the basic unit of a population—usually humans in nursing research. Eligibility criteria (including both inclusion criteria and exclusion criteria) are used to define population characteristics. Researchers usually sample from an accessible population; a broader target population is the group to which they would like to generalize their results.
A key criterion in assessing a sample in a quantitative study is its representativeness—the extent to which the sample is similar to the population and avoids bias.
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