2. Explain the differences in the definition and application of the genetically deficient and culturally deficient views.
What will be an ideal response?
Ans: The genetically deficient view proposed that biological differences explained gaps in intellectual abilities. This was demonstrated through pseudoscientific methods, such as craniometry, and eugenics, a branch of science focused on selective breeding that would reduce “genetic inferiority.” The culturally deficient view hypothesized that people who were lacking in certain psychological resources did not have enough exposure to aspects of the prevalent culture; in the case of the United States, this was White American culture. Researchers examined a variety of cultural factors, such as environment, nutrition, language, and interpersonal factors, and compared these elements to the elements of mainstream culture to make judgments on deficiency.
Cognitive Domain: Analysis
Answer Location: Understanding Culture: A Matter of Perspective
Difficulty Level: Hard
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