Do sexually selected traits have to be "honest indicators" under the runaway sexual se-lection model?

a. Yes, traits under sexual selection always have to be costly.
b. No, female preference alone is sufficient under runaway selection.
c. Yes, otherwise genetic linkage could not be established.
d. No, the model only requires female preference and male trait to be tightly genetically linked.
e. B and C.


D

Biology & Microbiology

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